Microfinance And Small Scale Business - 1458 Words

Introduction Microfinance are the financial institutions who provide loans or funds to individuals who do not possess the actual documents which can be submitted to banks to seek/borrow loans. These individuals can be entrepreneurs and small scale business owners. Microfinance institutions mostly function in developing countries when compared to developed countries. They are almost similar to banks with regards to the nature of functioning, for instance, they fund people who would like to start a poultry business (farmers), transportation and restaurants. The functions as mentioned earlier are similar to the banking institutions, however, the range of transactions are in small scale. The transactions mostly happen with few hundreds of dollars. The money borrowed are often used to buy the tools and necessary items to start with construction in case of a new small business or for reconstruction in case of an established trader. The main purpose of these small entrepreneurs is to support their families and the run their business to get themselves out of poverty. Microfinance institutions lends loan on short term basis where the borrower is expected to pay their loan within 6 months to 1 year. Hence these institutions do not require much documents prior to approve the loans, as it can be seen with most banks. What kind of innovation is microfinance today? Microfinance was started as a Social Innovation by a Bangladeshi social entrepreneur named Muhammad Yunus. His intentionsShow MoreRelatedMicrofinance for Rural Entrepreneurs1511 Words   |  6 PagesMicrofinance for rural entrepreneur Microfinance institutions are institutions that offer basic financial services to the low income earners and the poor. The emergence of Microfinance institutions are rooted on the fact that most financial institutions offer financial services that are far much beyond the reach of the low income population. Microfinance institutions have been designed to bridge the gap and fill the void left by the major banks to bank the unbankable and offer various financialRead MoreNeed Of The Study Of Women1492 Words   |  6 Pages($158 billion). Within the segment, small enterprises led the demand for financing: around Indian rupees 6.42 trillion ($116 billion), approximately 74 percent of the total requirement. This was mostly due to unmet working capital and investment finance needs. Micro enterprises with a requirement of Indian rupees 2.05 trillion ($37 billion), accounted for 24 percent. Most of this requirement was largely focused around working capital needs. Women-owned medium-scale enterprises, which account for 0.01Read MoreThe Role Of Ngo s Impact On Poverty Essay1430 Words   |  6 Pagesstricken individuals. While NGO projects individually reach many people living under the poverty line, they tend not to reach those living in extreme poverty that are also small scale, resulting in the total numbers assisted being low. The NGO projects themselves also tend to be small scale. The total numbers assisted are also small. Most NGO projects rely on ongoing fundraising efforts and rarely create genuine local self-suffi ciency. Finally, although NGOs projects are often executed in imaginativeRead MoreChallenges of Microfinance Banking in Nigeria1603 Words   |  7 PagesCHALLENGES OF MICROFINANCE BANKING IN NIGERIA-1 Nigerians, like many other Africans are generally known as their brother’s keepers in view of the extended family system. But when truly analyzed, there is a possibility that this may not be so? Perhaps a hypothetical deep may reveal that not up to 10% of Nigerians would invest in ventures or people that would yield them nothing in return and here I mean, â€Å"Returns in the short run or in the immediate†. The returns may be financial, emotional, spiritualRead MoreDeveloping A Small Enterprises And Micro Leasing1804 Words   |  8 PagesMicrofinance provides the basic financial services to low income people, who have lack to access to bank related services. This includes credit for instance, micro saving’s, micro insurance and micro leasing. The main focus of European Union is on microcredit because there is only limited experience with micro savings and micro leasing exists, it is due to the strict regulation, for instance with regard to deposit taking. The microcredit is the extension of very small loans to those who are in povertyRead MoreWhy Development Aid For Africa Has Failed876 Words   |  4 PagesSpiegel is a weekly news magazine similar to English-written publication TIME, with a circulation of around 1 million copies weekly; and is known for its critical stance towards the German government. Whilst being independent of any political party or business group it has a left-wing stance and so an article scrutinising aid to Africa is perhaps a slightly atypical viewpoint for the magazine to publish. The article begins by claiming that whilst the donors receive good wages with the current aid systemRead MoreUttar Pradesh and Tamil Nadu: A Comparative Study in Micro-Finance1699 Words   |  7 Pagesin order to explain the growth of microfinance in the country and bring out the a comparative study of the growth of microfinance in the two states of Uttar Pradesh and Tamil Nadu.) Literature Review- Studies analyzing the Micro Financing in India- Micro finance has been a field which has attracted a lot of research work. A review of the major research works of economists and sociologists provide us with interesting insights on issues related to microfinance. Seibel and Parhusib (1990) in theirRead MoreThe Microcredit Foundation of India and Poverty in India1155 Words   |  5 PagesMicrocredit Foundation has its base located in southern rural India. Microcredit works with just about everyone who needs their help; however their focus is women. Microcredit presents the women of rural communities with the opportunity to start a business. The services of micro credit are dedicated to creating a better stable economy, opportunities in the establishment of medium sized enterprises, and co-operative development. The Microcredit Foundation of India provides sufficient and affordableRead MoreEssay Enviroï ¬ t International Case Study607 Words   |  3 Pagesneeded to make decisions about an appropriate business model that would allow the venture to meet the team’s desire for a triple bottom line impact, scalability, and ï ¬ nancial sustainability. In my opinion, they need a hybrid business model. Just like creating a suitable technology for that third world, the style of a business design must consider such constraints. Three primary constraints led the development from the business design. First, the business design required to provide the package towardsRead MoreThe Determinants Of Financial Sustainability Of Microfinance Institutions7571 Words   |  31 Pagesconcepts, followed by the main theories used in this study to explain the determinants of financial sustainability of microfinance institutions in Nigeria. A theoretical framework is then developed based on the accounting theory and theoretical background presented as reviewed from available literature in microfinance. 4.1 CONCEPT OF MICROFINANCE Microfinance is the provision of small scale financial services to low income or unbanked people. It is about provision of â€Å"a broad range of financial services

Talking to the Mouse The Walt Disney Corporation Essay

Talking to the Mouse â€Å"Around here, however, we dont look backwards for very long. We keep moving forward, opening up new doors and doing new things, because were curious...and curiosity keeps leading us down new paths.† ― Walter Elias Disney The Walt Disney Corporation has kept this curiosity as its drive for over 50 years. Disney is one of the most famous and successful entertainment and retail companies in the world. Disney was founded on October 16, 1923, by Walt Disney and Roy O. Disney under the name of Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio. It first became famous as a leading organization in the American animation industry. Later it diversified into live-action film production, television, and theme parks, leading those industries†¦show more content†¦Most often, employees are given the opportunity to provide their input through meetings, surveys, and interviews. In turn, the organization provides information about its objectives, mission, expectations, and new programs and strategies through activities and written publications. This formalized form of communication provides consistency and clarity; communication can flow more easily and freely. Recently, many companies have introduce d the use of private websites and social media to give employees up-to-the-minute information updates. The Disney Corporation knows that internal communication is paramount to its success. Disney facilitates internal communication at every level, exhausting all methods. The corporation has 3 key strategies for its internal communication: facilitate information from every cast member, show each individual how they contribute, and meet diverse communication needs.(Cheryl 2011) The Executive Vice President and Chief Communications Officer, as of 2002, is Zenia Mucha. In this position, she is responsible for communications for The Walt Disney Company, both domestic and international. This includes acting as chief spokesperson and overseeing communication strategy and media relations for the company, its various business segments and its philanthropic and environmentalShow MoreRelatedWalt Disneys Career Essay1507 Words   |  7 PagesWalt Disney’s Career Imagine the world without Walt Disney, imagine never knowing who Mickey or Minnie Mouse were. Think about not ever laughing at a film created by Disney, not even 1 of the 635 ever produced. Walt has brought laughter into family rooms of millions and has continued that for almost 90 years. He was a legend. Walt Disney grew up drawing for friends and newspapers and ended up becoming one of the greatest entertainers and film producers. Walt Disney was born on December 5th,Read MoreDisney : The Top 500 Companies With Highest Gross Revenue1316 Words   |  6 Pagescompanies with highest gross revenue. Disney is ranked 53rd on the list. The business at The Walt Disney well tells a story that the mouse has money, despite some near-term concerns. Disney is well diversified in entertainment has good fundamentals, and has benefited from the recent movie debut. Star Wars movie success, and with Finding Dory has proved profitable for Disney. The company is also expected to profit from its Parks and Resorts, The new Shanghai Disney, as well as the ongoing success ofRead MoreWalter Elias Disney : An Influential People Of The Twentieth Century1810 Words   |  8 PagesElias Walt Disney Introduction Walter Elias Disney can be described many different ways. Was he an entrepreneur, innovator, cartoonist, film director, or father? What was it that made him one of the most influential people of the twentieth century? It was his passion for innovation, his mind of wonders, and his loving and caring personality. This is why he is the icon that he has come to be known today. Early Life â€Å"‘Dad, I want to be an artist.’ And my dad, he just couldn’t buy that.† Walt DisneyRead MoreBusiness Interests : Ever Since Joining Future Business Leaders928 Words   |  4 Pageswho had a gift of public speaking and only knew how to do business. Instead, I realized that these brothers had interests other than business after I had spoken with Apoorva. Although we began talking about his work in the fraternity and in other business organizations such as MoneyThink, we ended up talking about fantasy football and comparing our teams. This helped me realize the brothers were actually very friendly and were easy to relate to. It was at that moment, I realized that I could possiblyRead MoreMgm Studios And Stuart Little2157 Words   |  9 Pagesstory is about a tiny mouse or a gigantic ogre, there is magic in storytelling and bringing to life characters that relate their challenges of being unique. By comparing and contrasting two films, Shrek (2001) by DreamWorks Studios and Stuart Little (1999) by Sony Studios, the reader will better understand the dynamic s of successful family entertainment with regards to the â€Å"Disney model†. Over the years family appropriate content, style and marketing has allowed for non-Disney produced films to achieveRead MoreMovie Analysis : Snow White And The Seven Dwarfs1697 Words   |  7 PagesThrough Disney animations Walt Disney has cultivated a society driven by stereotypes on gender roles that have restricted the liberties of young girls and boys alike to explore their own individuality. Disney s brilliance transcended beyond his ability to captivate an audience, his true talent resided within his ability to leave a direct impact on his viewers. As the prominent academic Jack Zipes puts it, The power of Disney s fairytale films does not reside in the uniqueness or novelty of theRead MoreEssay on Advertising to Children 1013 Words   |  5 Pagesbe able to have aggressive advertisement campaigns targeting children because it corruptly brainwashes them and promotes unhealthy life choices. Companies, like Disney, have been developing their advertisement strategies since the 1930s. A successful example of this is when Disney threw an already recognizable character, Mickey Mouse, in to all of their other products. (Schlosser 185). This is a smart strategy to use because the company expects the children to buy their new product, because theyRead MoreThe American Animation Industry and Walt Disney Essay2286 Words   |  10 Pages Walt Disney’s company was one of the biggest contributors out of the other big animation corporations to the American animation industry and culture as well to the support effort for the allies of WWII by providing the government with animated propaganda and Ignisia. Animation played a major role for the advancement of motion film in 1900’s. Before motion picture camera, frame by frame photographs were used to understand animal and human movement. Eventually a series of famous cartoons wouldRead MoreThe Walt Disney Company Report15335 Words   |  62 PagesCompany Research Paper The Walt Disney Company Pranay Kumar George Batah Shuxian Shen Sheng Hao Koo â€Å"We have complied with university honor code in completion of this assignment and I attest that this work is ours and ours alone.† Professor Suzanne Weiss Contents 1. Executive Summary 2. Company Background 3. Management 4. Situation Analysis 5. Ethics and Responsibility 6. Human Resource 7. Globalization 8. Operation and Production Read More Walt Disney Company Essay4270 Words   |  18 PagesWalt Disney Company Introduction This report attempts to examine the Walt Disney Company as an organization whose international operations play a vital role in the company’s continuing existence. This report seeks to present a review and analysis of the company’s global strategy by analyzing the key internal and external factors that impact on the company and how it has used alliances and acquisitions as part of its global strategy. As a human technology-intensive company, this paper seeks

Thesis Essay Example For Students

Thesis: Essay Although many people believe that affirmative Action is a form of racism, it is actually used to help minorities find employment in an otherwise racist world. In the United States, equality is a recurring theme. It has flared into a fervent moral issue at crucial stages of American history: The revolutionary and Jacksonian Period, and the New Deal. In each era, the legitimacy of American society is challenged by some set of people unhappy with the degree of equality (Verba and Orren). Following the Civil War, Congress passed a number of laws designed to put former slaves on an equal level with white people. The Fourteenth Amendment made the freedmen citizen and prohibited states from enforcing any law which took away the privliges of any citizen, depriving men of life, liberty, or property without due process of the law, or denied men equal protection of the laws. In 1875, Republican majority in Congress, aware that reconstruction would soon end, passed a civil right act to secure by law semblance of equality for Black Americans (Urofsky 19). Many white Americans really did not like the idea of equality for the Black Freedmen. Gideon Welles, who had been prevailing sentiment when he wrote in 1871: Thank God slavery is abolished, but the Negro is not, and never can be the equal of the white man. He is of an inferior race and must always remain so(Urofsky 23). The supreme court agreed and in 1883 passed the Civil Rights act which diluted much of th!e protection of t he Fourteenth Amendment. Justice Joseph Bradely interpreted the enforcement provision of the amendment as strictly remedial; congress has the power to remedy a discriminatory state law, but could not take affirmative steps to protect blacks from other forms of prejudice (Urofsky 21). As a result of this decision, the federal government took no action to combat racism in the country until the second world war (Urofsky 22). Because resentment continued to increase within the black communities and because of the threat of a march on Washington, President Franklin D. Roosevelt issued an executive order on June 25, 1941. This order directed African Americans to be accepted into job-training programs in defense plants. The order also stated that discrimination would not be excepted by employers holding defense contracts. It also set up a fair employment practice commissions to investigate charges of racial discrimination. Harry Truman and Dwight Eisenhower continued to enforce fair employment legislation after Roosevelts policies because Congress was unwilling to do so. In 1954, the supreme court decision Brown v. Board of Education pressured both houses of Congress and the executive office to take some positive steps on behalf of civil rights. In January 1961, John F. Kennedy took office. Almost immediately Roy Wilkins of the NAACP called for action to promote employment opportunities for African Americans. John F. Kennedy responded with executive order 10925, which created a presidential commission on equal employment opportunity; it also mandated federal contractors to take Affirmative Action to ensure that there would be no discrimination by race, creed, color or nationality. This was not the first time that the government ordered it own contractors not only to avoid discrimination, but to take positive steps to redress the effects of discrimination in society. In some cases contractors were asked to pay employees doing similar work, the same amount of pay. Without congressional action an executive order could only last so long, and in 1963 Kenn edy secured passage of the Equal Pay Act. The Equal Pay Act prohibited employers from paying women less than men for the same work. A short time later due to the assassination of kennedy Lyndon B. Johnson called for the passage of the Civil Rights Bill as a memorial to the late president kennedy. Lyndon B. Johnson skillfully guided and expanded versions of kennedys proposal through the house and senate. The Civil Rights Act was signed into law July 2, 1964. Title VII of the act banned employment discrimination based on race, color, sex, and nationality, it also created a permanent equal employment opportunity commission to enforce its provisions. The act also for the first time included obligations not to discriminate to private employees, labor unions, and governmental agencies.(Urofsky 17). In executive order 11246, issued on September 24, 1965, Johnson require that federal contractors take affirmative action to recruit, hire, and promote more minorities. Two years later in executive order 11375 Johnson added women to the group covered by previous anti- discrimination order (Urofsky17). Each new order was a modification of the previous one. Increasing minorities and womens chances to compete in the job market. When Richard Nixon took office in 1969, he asked Art Fletcher, the Assistant Secretary of Labor and a black man himself, to find a way to enforce the hiring provisions of Title VII in a way that it would withstand court challenge. Fletcher did, and in 1971 Nixon unveiled the Philadelphia Plan. The Philadelphia Plan made federal contractors meet specific numerical goals in hiring minorities. Each contractor was to have nine percent of its work force be made up of minorities and women. Even with all these Executive Orders, Civil Rights Act, and Amendments passed, only a small percent of minorities held position in the job force. In recent years, in order to combat job discrimination in the employment market, the federal government has issued a series of executive orders and have established government funded firms to secure equal opportunity in the work force. Affirmative action and other executive orders were created to insert qualified minorities in the job market, but in recent years it has been used to deter job discrimination from happening. Yet societys viewpoint on Affirmative Action has been a way for the federal government to favor one class of people over another. The fact is, that in order to use Affirmative Action to favor minorities and women against white males in the workplace, jobs must first be integrated with both minorities and whites. For no one can separate apples and oranges if there are no apples!In the case of Firefighters Local Union No. 17 84 v. Stotts (1984). The Memphis fire department was found in violation of Title VII and was under court order to hire and promote more blacks to make amends for past discrimination. Later, anticipating a budget deficit, the city planned to lay off public employees with the least seniority, and that action would have mostly affected recently hired black firemen. Stotts, a black fireman challenging the proposed personnel actions, received a favorable decision from the federal court, which granted an injunction enjoining the Fire Department from strictly adhering to seniority in layoffs. As a result, the union appealed to protect its seniority plan and white union members. The Burger Court reversed the lower court by ruling that because no intentional discrimination had been proved, Title VII protects bona fida seniority systems, and it is inappropriate to deny an innocent employee the benefits of his seniority in order to pr!ovide a remedy in a pattern of practiced discrimination sui t such as this (Janosilk 1205). So from then on the court upheld that even if an individual shows that the discriminatory practice has an impact on him/her, the court noted, he/she is not automatically entitled to have a non minority employee laid off to make room for him (Janosilk 1205). Juliana Queiroga EssayPresident Clinton, is facing a no-win situation betweeen traditional civil rights constitutenciesand the many angry white males in this country. These men wish to change federal affimative action policies but promise to continue efforts to eliminate discrimination. Yet no plan or proposal that Republican lawmakers, or angry white males have created has help decrease the number of discrimantory act by a company or has helped minorities find jobs than Affirmative Action plans existing today. These same Republican lawmakers are pushing ahead with efforts to unravel affirmative action, encouraged and empowered by a dramatic Supreme court ruling that cas doubt on federal programs seeking to advance women and minorities. The high court June 12 handed down a 5-4 opinion in a closely watched case, Adarand Construction v. Pena, that challenged a federal Affirmative Action Program. The majority opinion written by Justice Sandra Day OConnor, did not actually strike down any Affirmative Action programs, but it criticized the moral justification for Affirmative Aciton, saying that race conscious programs can amount to unconstitutional reverse discrimination and even harm those they seek to advance. Yet they had not proven any way in which Affirmative Action can harm those they seek to advance. Republican had been preparing a legislative assault on federal Affirmative Action, either by eliminating programs or with a sweeping measure to outlaw virtually all federal preferecnes on the basis of race or gender. Their targets include scores of congressional and executive branch initiatives that offer special consideration or set-aside for women, minorities and others in federal contracting and hiring. This proves that Republicans wish to eliminate Affirmative Action plan and replace it with nothing. With nothing to help women or minorities their is minimal chances of them competing in the job market.In defending the program, the Clinton administration stressed that white-owned companies can quaify for bonuses given by Affrimative Action Plans if they prove that they are Socially or enconomically disadvantaged. Some critics of Affirmative Action want to adopt social or economic hardship as a criterion for all Affirmative Action plans. Civi rights groups say they are not opposed t o using socioeconomic disadvantages, but want to keep policies specifically aimed at women and minorities too(America Online 3). Speculation about the future of Affirmative Action must go beyond prognosis of the courts configuration and estimations of its respect for precedents said John Naibandian of University of Kansas (Public Administration Reveiw 43). He was also quoted as saying , Over an 18-year period, adminstrators hve become sensitized to court decisionexpressing the value of social equity. It is unreasonable to anticpate sudden administrative reversal of these impacts now regardlass of Court action (Public Administration Review 43). Some observers have suggested that the solution to racial inequality in the United States lies largely in a two-pronged attack on discrimination in educationm and employment. If such a solution is possible, certainly the Supreme Court will play a role. But, in a system of separation of powers, it is axiimatic that only so much can be accomplished by even the most activist Courts. That is why all human beings must strive to understand the total implication of what they do. They must help each other see that there is a problem in employing women and minorities. Saul Solano HoneggerEnglish 102October 18, 1995Affirmative action: Is it a form of Racisim?Thesis: Although many people believe affirmative action is a form of racism, it is actually used to help minorities find employment in an otherwise racist world. I. Civil WarA. Laws passed during the civil warB. Plans used to help lawsII.JFK and Excecutive orderA. Steps taken by JFKB. JFK Executive order taking effect III. Other PresidentsA. Harry Truman controbution to Affirmative ActionB. FDR controbution to Affirmative ActionC. D. Eisnehower Executive orderIV. Court CasesA. Firefighters Local Union No.1784 v. StottsB. Stelle v. Louisvill Nashville RailroadC. Griggs v. Duke Power Co. D. McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. GreenE. Hazelwood School District v. United StatesV. Those against Affirmative ActionA. Why are white male against Affirmative Aciton Plans B. Why white male dislike the idea of affirmative actionKaus, Mickey. The End of Equality New York: Basic,1992. Urofsky, Melvin. The Conflicts of Rights New York: Scribner 1990. Verba, Sidney, and Gary R. Orren. Equality in America Massaschuettes Harvard, 1984. Hugh, Graham The American Judical System New York:Scribner, 1987. Jost, Kenneth. America Online Internet, 1995Webb, Janette and Sonia, Liff.Play he white man: the social construction of fairness and competition in equal opportunity. The Sociological Reveiw v.36, Aug. 88 532-51 Perman, Florence. The players and the problems in the Eeo enforcement process: a status reportPulbic Administration Reveiw v.48, July/Aug. 88, 827-33Boris Eileen and Honey Michael. Gender, race and the policies of the Labor Department. Monthly Labor Review v.111, Feb. 88, 26-36. Nalbandian, John. The U.S. Supreme courts consensus on Affirmative Action. Public Administration Reveiw. v.49, Jan./Feb. 89, 38-45Tatel, David and Minchber, Elliot. The Supreme Courts 1987 decision on voluntary Affirmative Action. Public Management. v.69, Dec. 87, 3-5Steel, Brents and Lovrich, Nicholas P. Equality and Efficiency Tradeoffs in Affirmative Action. The Social Science Journal v.24, Nov. 87, 53-70Leonard, Jonathan S. What was Affirmative Action. The American Economic Review v.76, May 86, 359-63

Synchronised sound film Essay Example For Students

Synchronised sound film Essay The sales pitch for the feeding machine is delivered by a mechanical salesman on a phonograph record and this in itself is significant. Modern Times is Charlie Chaplins final stance against the synchronised sound film and it was his last full- length silent film. There is no traditional voice dialogue in the film, but voices and sounds do emanate from machines, e.g. the feeding machine, the television screens and indeed Chaplins actual voice is heard singing. Many reviewers seem to agree that Modern Times is an angst over the studios transition to sound, by verbally indicating machines or automation as intrinsically bad (David A. Gerstein: http://wso.williams.edu/~dgerstei/chaplin/machines.html). We will write a custom essay on Synchronised sound film specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Historian Dan Kamin emphasises how human actors voices are only heard on loudspeakers whereas when characters speak to one another their words occur on printed subtitles. The world of this film thus presents machines as most advanced, yet being advanced in one way (having the power of speech) hardly cancels out the destructive power machinery is given. The feeding machine announces its functions through an LP record and the devices viciously mechanical/repetitive quality and its urge to present itself as superior are emphasised by how the voice recording points out 3 times that the lunch hour can now be eliminated from the work day (David A. Gerstein: http://wso.williams.edu/~dgerstei/chaplin/machines.html). Chaplins angst over the transition to the technological advancement to sound was widely known, as Chaplin felt that sound would compromise the entertainment ideals and lead to a world made up of novelty-orientated robots (Robinson 1985: pg 458).  The difficulty that Chaplin had in coming to terms with the Machine Age and the realisation that he could not withstand modernisation forever is portrayed in Chaplins use of speech (however grudgingly) in Modern times; an aspect of the film that leaned towards favouring technology. Modern technology is also shown to be an oppressive tool used by upper management to monitor the workers. The omniscient and omnipotent big brother management is very much a focal aspect of Modern Times, reflecting the fears workers had of being turned into machines by managers who controlled the pace of the production line and often speeded it up. A two-way television screen, on-line audio and video transmission ensure that all workers are monitored, to the extent of a screen in the toilets from which the President can urge the worker back to work, suggesting that these controlling devices destroy all individual privacy: Hey, quit stalling. Get back to work. Go on.  The factory scene is therefore one of almost nightmarish efficiency in which the President can observe all parts of the plant operation from his desk and issues orders to increase production on the lines:  Section 5 Speed er up 41  then later:  Section 5 give em the limit,  as the conveyor belt is sped up to a frenzied pace, Charlie makes a heroic effort to keep up. However, under the intense strain of the job, Charlie is slowly driven insane and becomes engulfed by the assembly line. Charlie literally lies prone on the belt and is dragged, swallowed and eaten up by the whizzing wheels, gears and cogs of the monstrous machine. His body moves its way through the gears until the production line direction is reversed and Charlie finally emerges free of the machine; Charlie has been devoured by the machine age in the geary maw of a huge construction device, (1995: David A. Gerstein http://wso.williams.edu/~dgerstei/chaplin/machines.html). The film proposes that this environment turns people into programmed machinery. The metaphor of society sucking the energy from human individuals is a dark view of culture indeed. Modern Times depicts Charlie getting caught up in a machine, running through the gears smoothly without any control over his fate and ending up exactly where the machine leads. Chaplins metaphor was directly influenced by a Marxist understanding of capitalism, an understanding that workers are divorced from their work product and alienated from themselves, becoming, instead of full human beings, a cog in a machine. .ub8d0ad49b314f9f3fc8ee9d1832caf65 , .ub8d0ad49b314f9f3fc8ee9d1832caf65 .postImageUrl , .ub8d0ad49b314f9f3fc8ee9d1832caf65 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub8d0ad49b314f9f3fc8ee9d1832caf65 , .ub8d0ad49b314f9f3fc8ee9d1832caf65:hover , .ub8d0ad49b314f9f3fc8ee9d1832caf65:visited , .ub8d0ad49b314f9f3fc8ee9d1832caf65:active { border:0!important; } .ub8d0ad49b314f9f3fc8ee9d1832caf65 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub8d0ad49b314f9f3fc8ee9d1832caf65 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub8d0ad49b314f9f3fc8ee9d1832caf65:active , .ub8d0ad49b314f9f3fc8ee9d1832caf65:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub8d0ad49b314f9f3fc8ee9d1832caf65 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub8d0ad49b314f9f3fc8ee9d1832caf65 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub8d0ad49b314f9f3fc8ee9d1832caf65 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub8d0ad49b314f9f3fc8ee9d1832caf65 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub8d0ad49b314f9f3fc8ee9d1832caf65:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub8d0ad49b314f9f3fc8ee9d1832caf65 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub8d0ad49b314f9f3fc8ee9d1832caf65 .ub8d0ad49b314f9f3fc8ee9d1832caf65-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub8d0ad49b314f9f3fc8ee9d1832caf65:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Musical Education Opportunities in America EssayCharlie has been literally devoured by the machine age, unable to protect himself from the huge construction device. Charlie has been ingested by the greedy machine which is unable to stop consuming and producing. Charlie is unable to defend himself against the processes of industrialization and therefore is involuntarily carried along by the industrial age. The machine, in its own excesses, devours Charlie, identifying him as an industrial product instead of the human he is. Another comic example of the dehumanising impact of industrialization occurs while the mechanic is stuck in the machine. As Charlie struggles to free him, the lunch whistle sounds and he immediately goes to retrieve his lunch rather than continue trying to free his boss. When the mechanic interrupts his Pavlovian response to remind him of his predicament, Charlie attempts the difficult task of feeding him instead of getting him out of the machine after all, its lunch time. By exaggerating the factorys conditioning, the film makes both humorous and thought-provoking points.  Modern machinery would appear to be ingesting Chaplin thus he is once again a cog in the machine, reflected also when the feeding machine feeds Charlie bolts which have been accidentally left on its tray, thus forcing him to literally ingest progress (1995: David A. Gerstein http://wso.williams.edu/~dgerstei/chaplin/machines.html). Charlie is all at once absorbed in this immense machine. With wrenches aloft, Charlie proceeds to demonically tighten everything in sight. In the factory control-room, he pulls levers and switches causing explosions in the equipment. The jittery process Charlie must go through to control his trained hands shows the dichotomy created between reality and job. Eventually Charlie is unable to separate the two and attempts to tighten anything resembling the two bolts of the assembly line. People and objects have become the same, merely things to perform the intended function upon. Charlie has been driven mad by technology, resulting in a nervous breakdown. Charlies resulting pathos gains sympathy and understanding from his audience against the monstrous machines. In Modern Times technology is not exalted. The machines are worshipped and appear more elevated that the highest man (The President), yet whilst not ennobling Charlie the machines bring the boss down to his level; the boss is seen as agitated and exhausted by his mechanized life. The machines are persistent, just as Charlie is confronted with the superiors image and voice in the toilet; the management is confronted by the feeding machine, insistent on its own usefulness. Whilst the machines are ennobling, they do cause vulgarity in their malfunctions, e.g. masticating on workers (The Age of the Mass 1914-39 in History Today Aug 2001, Vol. 51, Issue 8: pg 44). Outside of the manufacturing plants, strikes and riots suggest that people are not happy with the social conditions. In an ironic sequence, Charlie tries to return a flag (assumedly red) that has fallen off a passing truck and is wrongly arrested as a communist. Towards the end of the film, Charlie in an attempt of the utopian bourgeois home life with the gamine, eagerly rushed off to work at the reopened factories. Once there, he determinedly clears his way through the crowd and is the last one allowed to work that day. The scene, although satiric, provide an interesting counterpoint to the rest of the films disdain for capitalistic ethos. Now, having something to work for outside of himself (the gamine) Charlie will even push others out of the way to get a job. Yet at the end of Modern Times there is an unquenchable optimism that resumes. Charlie and his female counterpart The Gamine are the only two live spirits in a world of automations (Robinson 1985: pg 459). Robinson also sees them as spiritual escapees from a world in which Chaplin saw no other hope.  Many writers, artists and social philosophers from Huxley in Brave New World to Chaplin in Modern Times have examined the fears of a society liable to become machine-like and dominated by mass-culture. Many have reflected on the newly found engagement with machines resulting in humans slow transformation into machines. .udb9461e023feb4e7c8c86aafe78c609d , .udb9461e023feb4e7c8c86aafe78c609d .postImageUrl , .udb9461e023feb4e7c8c86aafe78c609d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udb9461e023feb4e7c8c86aafe78c609d , .udb9461e023feb4e7c8c86aafe78c609d:hover , .udb9461e023feb4e7c8c86aafe78c609d:visited , .udb9461e023feb4e7c8c86aafe78c609d:active { border:0!important; } .udb9461e023feb4e7c8c86aafe78c609d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udb9461e023feb4e7c8c86aafe78c609d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udb9461e023feb4e7c8c86aafe78c609d:active , .udb9461e023feb4e7c8c86aafe78c609d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udb9461e023feb4e7c8c86aafe78c609d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udb9461e023feb4e7c8c86aafe78c609d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udb9461e023feb4e7c8c86aafe78c609d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udb9461e023feb4e7c8c86aafe78c609d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udb9461e023feb4e7c8c86aafe78c609d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udb9461e023feb4e7c8c86aafe78c609d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udb9461e023feb4e7c8c86aafe78c609d .udb9461e023feb4e7c8c86aafe78c609d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udb9461e023feb4e7c8c86aafe78c609d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Pop Music Through The Decades EssayThe great depression of the early thirties was a product of technological change, yet there were underlying darker ideologies of the time: The exigent socio-economic problems of the early thirties adopts postures regarding the technocratic ideology of instrumental reason that reduces everything to mensuration, efficiency and standardized technique ( James Sexton (1994) Hearst Essays, New York and London Press: Introduction). Sexton goes on to discuss a link between modern technology and totalitarian ideology (indeed a great fear of Chaplins), as well as highlighting the willingness to sacrifice intellectual freedom to the needs to product ion and society. Modern Times presents a powerful indictment of the mechanized workplace and the post-Ford industrialization of everyday life. Often described as a satire of the machine age, Modern Times has in fact a broader theme: the dehumanising effects of many aspects of modernity, including industrialisation, bureaucracy, urbanization and law enforcement. With a balanced mixture of satire, humour and pathos it provides a keenly observed piece of social criticism, presenting a denunciation of the equalities associated with capitalism. To conclude I will quote from Chaplins presentation of The Great Dictator, in which he urges incessantly for men to remain autonomous despite advancements in technology;  Dont give yourselves to these unnatural men, machine men, with machine minds and machine hearts. You are not machines. You are not cattle. You are men. (http://www.mistral.co.uk/hammerwood/chaplin.html)

Dual Career Couples and Career Development Essay Example

Dual Career Couples and Career Development Paper DUAL CAREER COUPLES AND CAREER DEVELOPMENT, FAMILY AND REALLOCATION ISSUES SERVICES PROVIDED BY LARGE CORPORATIONS AND SMALL COMPANIES ABSTRACT As the dual career couples phenomenal increase rapidly in the global economy, large and small companies need to provide reliable services in order to alleviate the work-life challenges to support dual career couples in the complex issues they often faced. This paper will focus in the family career and reallocation issues of dual career couples and what are the approaches from large and small companies towards them. CONTENT 1. INTRODUCTION 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 2. 1. FAMILY CAREER ISSUES 2. 2. REALLOCATION ISSUES 3. CONCLUSIONS 4. REFERENCES 1. Introduction: Dual career couple is a common term used for marriages who both wife and husband have careers and work outside home. The challenges faced by these couples has been purpose of study for HR managers, as they are more complex that those that traditional couples face. In the last 30 years the number of dual-career couples has growth at a phenomenal rate. In mostly all developed countries as well in some of the third world countries, women represent half of the work force. The traditional figure of a family that only the man was the primary breadwinner while the woman stay home to take care of the children and the house was much more common before 1970 than today. According to a recent study of the US bureau of labor statistics, dual career marriages, which both partners are managers or professional, represent more of 80% of the US couples. We will write a custom essay sample on Dual Career Couples and Career Development specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Dual Career Couples and Career Development specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Dual Career Couples and Career Development specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Women has experimented an era of liberation and today are thought to pursuit career success, financial independence, self-sufficiency and plan a life having higher impact outside home. Women that graduated from college have more knowledge about the existing possibilities in their society. The dogma of the traditional family simply does not work among career couples, women that are better educated occupied professional and executive positions not because they have to, but because they want to. The desire for individual and combine success lead couples to restructure their marital roles changing the structure in the modern families. As the wife does not stay at home to do the housework the division of the home responsibilities is a must. The ideology of equality in marital roles emerges as a necessity to the eager of find common opportunities. Dual-career couples have to cope with different dilemmas of how to support each other’s career development together with the common responsibilities like childcare, housekeeping, and their personal relationship. These couples often have greater demands from the organization that employed them and be able to respond to these needs become a necessary priority for many companies. This essay pretends to explain what the challenges of dual career couples are and how those challenges are handle in large and small companies around the world. 2. Literature review Due to the exceptional increase of career families over the past three decades, dual career couples are bringing HR managers attention today more than ever. The study of the challenges of dual career couples and career development is a common topic in almost any human resource book. For methodological purpose this essay will be focus in two main topics: Family career issues and relocation issues. Comparing what are the strategies and the services provide for large and small organizations. 2. 1. Family Career issues For dual career couples with children, family issues may conflict with career progression. The employees not only need to be efficient at work but they also need to be competent and responsible with their family roles. The current competitive environment in business requires a lot of time, effort and work for professionals to develop their career successfully; this cause a lot of personal stress that is usually transfer from one partner to the other. When both partners seek to maximize their career development the family can be in serious conflict and under a lot of stress that become even more complex in couples with children or other family responsibilities. The job stress is linked to psychological well-being and this not only affects the individual worker but also his family. The strategies used to escape from a difficult situation and reduce emotional and physical reactions to stress are usually not just an individual effort; these strategies require help from the organization and from the family. As noted, the welfare of a spouse depends in part on the actions of the other partner. The dual-career families require concessions and understanding of family and business, which means a psychological commitment of the couple, with their family and personal relations, their individual careers and the organization. This type of families tend to solve their issues keeping in mind what is best for the family, over what is best as an individual. With the increase of married women in the work force, more companies have recognized the stressful situation of dual career couples and they have decided to incorporated more flexibility in their policies and personal selection, and in career planning, placement and promotions. 2. 2. The relocation issue We lived in an era of multinational companies and a large proportion of large companies hold under their portfolios several branches in different cities and countries. The knowledge of professional employees is converted into in a valuable asset for these companies and the relocation of key individuals turns into a common exercise for these corporations. In case of a relocation, the welfare of the employee’s family obey as an organization’s concern about how to recruit and retain the best employees. In many cases the services provide from the organization as support to the relocation is a vital factor for many employees to decided to accept or not a relocation. Many studies show that the main concerns of an employee that face a reallocation is the impact on his partner’s career. Is fundamental in dual career couples that faced reallocation to expect that the trailing spouse would be able to find a job and to continue the development of his or her career. This includes topics as work permits, job hunting and reallocation services. Large corporations have actively engaged in providing their employees with relocation services, especially when recruiting senior executive as many of them are unwilling to reallocate unless the accompanying spouse receives suitable employment assistance. These corporations created departments that assist the accompanying partners to find the proper job and successfully continue their career in the new location. Certainly most small companies do not have the resources to provide these services and results in a traumatic experience for the accompanying spouse or partner in a dual career couple to find a job. What translate in extra stress in their employees and could even lead in resignation. 3. Conclusions and Recommendations It is important that career development problems in dual career couples are recognized in the early stages when is still possible to make the corrections and if is possible should involve both partners in the planning even when one is not employed by the company. Large companies developed organizational policies related to their employees’ family as a key support factor for career families to cope with their challenges. This support is translated in the development of specialized centers within the organization to study dual career couple, career development and women at work. As well other policy to increase and improve their support like family days, flexible schedule, telecommuting, day-care services for children, feedback on their performance and in general any activity that could generate value from the organization to their employees. These types of organizational policies and services are expensive and many small companies cannot afford them. Large corporations have more specialized HR department and can allocate more resources to these projects and services. Small companies with limited financial resources cannot provide services as large corporation do. Also large corporations have more specialized work division and can reduce work burden on an employee if is necessary, in small corporation professionals tend to have many roles and the temporal absence of any employee cannot be easily compensate. Nevertheless is a must for small corporations to develop policies to support dual career couples. Small companies could take advantage of their close relation between shareholders and management team, getting to know much closer the challenges faced by its team and providing more focus solutions to those problems. Additional today many consulting companies provide services oriented to these employees problems and giving the opportunity to small companies to outsources those services. 4. References Books ? Mathis, R. , Jackson, J. , (2010) Human Resource Management. 13th edition. Cengage Learning. ? Sweet, S. , Moen, P. , Meiksins P,. (2007) Dual Earners in Double Jeopardy: Preparing for Job Loss in the New Risk Economy. Emerald Group Publishing Limited ? ? ? Hardill, I. , (2002) Gender, migration and the dual career household. Routledge Bohlander, G. Snell, S. , (2009) Managing Human Resources. Cengage Learning, Wolf-Wendel L. , Twombly, S. , Rice, S. , (2003) The two-body problem: dual-careercouple hiring policies in higher education. JHU Press ? ? Weihrich, H. , (2007) Management. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Harris, H. , Brewster, C. , Sparrow, P,. (2003) International Human Resources Management. CIPD Publishig. ? Gilley, J. , Eggland, S. , Gilley, A. , (2002) Principles of Human Resource De velopment. 2nd edition. Basic Books. Ivancevich, J. (2009) Human Resource Management, 11th Edition. ?

Beers Law Definition and Equation

Beer's Law Definition and Equation Beers Law is an equation that relates the attenuation of light to properties of a material. The law states the concentration of a chemical is directly proportional to the absorbance of a solution. The relation may be used to determine the concentration of a chemical species in a solution using a colorimeter or spectrophotometer. The relation is most often used in UV-visible absorption spectroscopy. Note that Beers Law is not valid at high solution concentrations. Other Names for Beers Law Beers Law is also known as the Beer-Lambert Law, the Lambert-Beer Law, and the  Beer–Lambert–Bouguer law. The reason there are so many names is because more than one law is involved. Basically, Pierre Bouger discovered the law in 1729 and published it in Essai doptique sur la gradation de la lumià ¨re. Lambert quoted Bougers discovery in his Photometria in 1760, saying absorbance of a sample is directly proportional to the path length of light. Even though Lambert didnt claim discovery, he was often credited with it. August Beer discovered a related law in 1852. Beers law stated the absorbance is proportional to the concentration of the sample. Technically, Beers law relates to only to concentration, while the Beer-Lambert law relates absorbance to both concentration and sample thickness. Key Takeaways: Beer's Law Beers law states that the concentration of a chemical solution is directly proportional to its absorption of light.The premise is that a beam of light becomes weaker as it passes through a chemical solution. The attenuation of light occurs either as a result of distance through solution or increasing concentration.Beers law goes by many names, including the Beer-Lambert law, Lambert-Beer law, and Beer-Lambert-Bouguer law. Equation for Beers Law Beers Law may be written simply as: A ÃŽ µbc where  A is absorbance (no units)ÃŽ µ is the molar absorptivity with units of L mol-1  cm-1 (formerly called the extinction coefficient)b is the path length of the sample, usually expressed in cmc is the concentration of the compound in solution, expressed in mol L-1 Calculating the absorbance of a sample using the equation depends on two assumptions: The absorbance is directly proportional to the path length of the sample (the width of the cuvette).The absorbance is directly proportional to the concentration of the sample. In this example of the Beer-Lambert law, a green laser is attenuated as it passes through a solution of Rhodamine 6G. Amirber How to Use Beers Law While many modern instruments perform Beers law calculations by simply comparing a blank cuvette with a sample, its easy to prepare a graph using standard solutions to determine the concentration of a specimen. The graphing method assumes a straight-line relationship between absorbance and concentration, which is valid for dilute solutions.   Beers Law Example Calculation A sample is known to have a maximum absorbance value of 275 nm. Its molar absorptivity is 8400 M-1cm-1. The width of the cuvette is 1 cm. A spectrophotometer finds A 0.70. What is the concentration of the sample? To solve the problem, use Beers law: A ÃŽ µbc 0.70 (8400 M-1cm-1)(1 cm)(c) Divide both sides of the equation by [(8400 M-1 cm-1)(1 cm)] c 8.33 x 10-5 mol/L Importance of Beers Law Beers law is especially important in the fields of chemistry, physics, and meteorology. Beers law is used in chemistry to measure the concentration of chemical solutions, to analyze oxidation, and to measure polymer degradation. The law also describes the attenuation of radiation through the Earths atmosphere. While normally applied to light, the law also helps scientists understand the attenuation of particle beams, such as neutrons. In theoretical physics, the Beer-Lambert law is a solution to the Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook (BKG) operator, which is used in the Boltzmann equation for computational fluid dynamics. Sources Beer, August (1852). Bestimmung der Absorption des rothen Lichts in farbigen Flà ¼ssigkeiten (Determination of the absorption of red light in colored liquids). Annalen der Physik und Chemie. 86: 78–88.Bouguer, Pierre (1729). Essai doptique sur la gradation de la lumià ¨re. Paris, France: Claude Jombert. pp. 16–22.Ingle, J. D. J.; Crouch, S. R. (1988). Spectrochemical Analysis. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.Lambert, J. H. (1760). Photometria sive de mensura et gradibus luminis, colorum et umbrae [Photometry, or, On the measure and gradations of light, colors, and shade]. Augsburg (Augusta Vindelicorum), Germany: Eberhardt Klett.Mayerhà ¶fer, Thomas Gà ¼nter; Popp, Jà ¼rgen (2018). Beers law - why absorbance depends (almost) linearly on concentration. Chemphyschem. doi:10.1002/cphc.201801073

Information Systems Has Revolutionized the Way We Work Essay

Information Systems Has Revolutionized the Way We Work - Essay Example The government employees and other officials that actively participate within the e-government program have also witnessed significant change in their work and delivery of services (Chadwick, 2006). The development of e-government framework and platforms has been necessitated by the need to improve citizen participation in government service delivery charter. The need for more citizen participation has been enhanced by the current democratization that has witnessed more and more citizens getting involved in the activities of their governments. The participation of citizens in the government activities occurs at different fronts and this has been necessitated by the current advancements in information systems (Axelsson & Melin, 2008). Most countries have implemented the e-participation program and this has improved the overall service delivery to the public. The first country to implement an e-government program was the United States, which worked towards developing a platform that it s citizens could interact by government officials at different levels. Other countries such as the United Kingdom and countries in Europe have also followed suit and integrated the applications of information systems into the programs (Farrell, 2011). The development of portal systems in the United Kingdom has been necessitated by the discovery of the internet and more advanced computer applications. Through the portal U in the country, government employees have been empowered on how to monitor environmental degradation from their workstations. This portal enables the workers to identify sectors of the economy with the highest greenhouse gas emission in the country and respond diligently. It also provides a platform for the public to register their concerns over the... This report stresses that information system has completely revolutionized the way we conduct business, interact with the government, do politics and search for jobs. Today the world is a one stop shop where at a dial of a button, an individual is connected to different people across the globe. Through the advancements in information systems, government has been opened for increased citizen participation in different aspects of government functionality. Information systems has also led to the advancement in the use of the internet which has provided room for the improvement in different business activities and communication between organizations and their consumers, business partners and suppliers. The development of information systems has significantly changed different avenues including how we deliver our jobs, live our lives and interact with our friends. However, this technology has produced insignificant revolutionary experience to how work is done generally. This paper makes a conclusion that despite the lack of revolutionary impact on the way we work and conduct businesses, information systems has significantly changed our lives and made work relatively easier. The speed of communication and the nature of conducting business transactions have been improved as compared to the years before its introduction. This paper has discussed how the advances in information systems have affected our lives and how it has advanced service delivery and citizen participation in e-governments.